New York
Founder: Peter Minuit
Founding Year: 1626
Reason for Founding: Trade and profits
Delaware
Founder: Peter Minuit
Founding Year: 1638
Reason for Founding: Trade and profits |
Life in the Middle Colonies |
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Life in the Middle Colonies
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The Middle colonies produced more food than the New England or Southern Colonies. The Middle colonies are often called the breadbasket colonies because they grew so much food, especially wheat. Most people in the Middle colonies had small farms. A typical farm was 50 to 150 acres. |
Most farmers wee far apart and neighbors usually only saw each other at church on Sundays. A typical farm had a house, a barn, a fenced-in yard for the animals, a garden, and fields. Many farmers had apple and peach orchards.
Flour mills were popular along the rivers in the Middle colonies. Wheat, the most popular crop, could not be shipped to England because it would spoil. Therefore, people built flour mills where wheat was ground into flour. Flour would not spoil on the trip to England. The Brandywine Creek in Delaware provided water power for the mills. The creek, also called the Great Falls is an excellent source of water power. |
Farmers in Delaware, Pennsylvania, and Maryland brought their wheat, rye, and barley to the mills in Wilmington. Here the mills ground the grains into flour and then it would be shipped down the Brandywine and sent to England or other colonies.
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Philadelphia was also a busy port city. Shipbuilding was a major industry along the waterfront. Philadelphia had four shipyards. The shipwrights built both small boats and large sailing ships. Philadelphia also had a busy marketplace located on the waterfront. At the market, farmers sold, fruit, vegetables, grains, meat, eggs, freshly made butter and cheese. Merchants sold lumber, furs and tobacco. Fishermen sold seafood. Indians also came to the market. They sold corn, beans, squash, and pumpkins.
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Maryland
Founder: George Calvert
Founding Year: 1634
Reason for Founding: Religious freedom for Catholics
New Jersey
Founder: Lord Berkeley
Founding Year: 1660
Reason for Founding: Trade and profits
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